Saving and investing are two unique concepts, and it’s important to understand the difference between them and the need for each. In simple economies, there is little distinction between savings vs investments. One saves by reducing present consumption, while he invests in the hope of increasing future consumption. Therefore, a fisherman who spares a fish for the next catch reduces his present consumption in the hope of increasing it in the future.
Most of the people probably have savings accounts with ATMs to access their hard-earned cash and be able to store away any extra cash in a place a little safer than a mattress. A few of you may even have some stocks or bonds. Let me explain why while a savings account in the bank may seem like a safer place than the mattress to store your money, in the long-term it is a losing proposition!
If you open a savings account at the bank, they will pay you interest on your savings. So you think that your savings are guaranteed to grow and that makes you feel extremely good! But wait until you see what inflation will do to your investment in the long-term. The bank may pay you 5 percent interest a year on your money, if inflation is at 4 percent though, your investment is only growing at a mere 1 percent annually.
In order to achieve the best possible results, it’s crucial that you match your saving or investing goals with the proper financial tools. Saving and investing are often used interchangeably, but they are quite different and is essential to know the key differences.
Saving
Is storing money safely, such as in a bank or money market account, for short-term needs such as upcoming expenses or emergencies. Typically, you earn a low, fixed rate of return and can withdraw your money very easily.
The risk for savings are often lower than for other forms of investment. Savings are also usually more liquid. That is, you may quickly and easily convert your investment to cash.
Investing
Taking a risk with a portion of your savings such as by buying stocks or bonds, in hopes of realizing higher long-term returns. Unlike bank savings, stocks and bonds over the long term have returned enough to outpace inflation (roughly 10%), but they also decline in value from time to time so the risk factor for investing is generally higher then savings. Read What Is Investing for more information.
Investments may produce current income while you own the investment through the payment of interest, dividends or rent payments. When you sell an investment for more than its purchase price, the profit is known as a capital gain, also called growth or capital appreciation.
The decision about saving vs investing and which investment to choose is influenced by factors such as yield, risk, and liquidity.
